XTF Search Results (f138-associated-Lesson=Gamma Ray History)

Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope after the integration of the burst monitor.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

Known as the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope prior to launch, the Fermi telescope includes two primary instruments: the Large Area Telescope with which astronomers can observe and study active galactic nuclei, pulsars, dark matter signatures, and other high-energy phenomena; and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor to study gamma-ray bursts. This image shows the assembled telescope in the clean room prior to launch.

Atomic Pile [layer - photograph].

Sun, 01 Nov 1942 12:00:00 GMT

Photograph taken November 1942 during construction of the first nuclear reactor as the 19th layer of graphite was added. Layer 18, almost covered in the picture, contained uranium; alternate layers of graphite containing uranium metal and uranium oxide were spaced by layers of dead graphite. Construction was carried on in this manner to the 57th layer, which was one layer beyond critical or operating dimensions. The roughly spherical form of the structure is shown as is some of the supporting framework. The reactor was constructed under a section of the West Stands of the University of Chicago's Stagg Field, and was operated for the first time December 2, 1942.

Atomic Pile [sketch].

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

On December 2, 1942 using a nuclear reactor erected under a section of the West Stands of the University of Chicago's Stagg Field, a group of scientists achieved the first self-sustaining chain reaction and thereby initiated a controlled release of nuclear energy. The reactor consisted of uranium and uranium oxide lumps spaced in a cubic lattice embedded in graphite. In 1943, the reactor was dismantled and reassembled at the Argonne National Laboratory. Photographic copy of drawing.

Castle Bravo site.

Mon, 01 Mar 1954 12:00:00 GMT

The site of the test of the first hydrogen bomb by the United States on March 1, 1954. This was the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the United States. This photograph shows the equipment used to the develop the test site, and the dirt foundation for the test structure.

Signing of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 10/07/1963.

Mon, 07 Oct 1963 12:00:00 GMT

U.S. Senators look on as President John F Kennedy sits at a desk in the Treaty Room of the White House and signs the Limited Test Ban Treaty. On August 5, 1963, the Limited Test Ban Treaty was signed by the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. After Senate approval, it was signed by President Kennedy on October 7, 1963. The treaty went into effect on October 11, 1963, and banned nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere, in outer space, and under water.

Robert Oppenheimer receiving the Enrico Fermi Award from President Lyndon B. Johnson.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

President John F. Kennedy awarded Oppenheimer the Fermi Award for his contributions to theoretical physics. President Johnson (on the right) shakes hands with Oppenheimer as he presents the award about one week after President Kennedy’s assassination.

Ranch school students display their hunting success.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

Hunting expeditions were a regular occurrence at the Ranch school. Six students stand or kneel before their captures.

Squash court under Stagg field bleachers.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

A transformed squash court housed history's first successful nuclear pile. [Enrico] Fermi chose this room because it was the only space available with ceilings high enough to permit construction of the latticed cube-like structure of graphite bricks embedded with Uranium 235.

Luis Alvarez.

Sat, 15 Apr 1905 12:00:00 GMT

http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/apf1-00154/apf1-00154.dc.xml Sat, 15 Apr 1905 12:00:00 GMT

Ernest O Lawrence.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

Ernest O Lawrence sitting at his desk in his office.

Main Street in Hiroshima.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

The center of Hiroshima after the dropping of the atomic bomb on August 6, 1945. The street indicated in this photograph is approximately one half (0.5) mile from the location where the bomb was detonated indicating the extent of the devastation to the city’s buildings and roads.

Center of Hiroshima.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

The center of Hiroshima after the dropping of the atomic bomb on August 6, 1945.The bomb destroyed approximately three-fourths of the city and killed an estimated 80,000 people immediately, with thousands more dying later from injuries and radiation poisoning. Records lead us to believe that the bomb touched down approximately halfway between the two smokestacks in this image.

The First Atomic Bomb.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

1/40th of a second after detonation at the Trinity site in New Mexico.

Diagram of the BATSE detector module on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

The BATSE detector module identified gamma ray bursts based on an increase in the detection of gamma rays as compared to the background noise. The illustration on the left is an artists rendering of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory indicating the location of the BATSE detectors on the observatory. The diagram on the right illustrates how one of the eight detectors look.

First GRB.

Sun, 02 Jul 1967 12:00:00 GMT

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are sudden outbursts of gamma rays from a particular place in the sky that last a few seconds or so. These outbursts are similar to what is seen in a nuclear bomb explosion, and the first GRBs were detected by the Vela satellites that monitored nuclear testing. This graph shows the sudden increase in gamma rays recorded for the first GRB detected by the monitoring satellites in 1967.

Hubble Stays on Trail of Fading Gamma-Ray Burst Fireball, Results Point to Extragalactic Origin.

Fri, 05 Sep 1997 12:00:00 GMT

It is difficult to determine the origin of a GRB, but sometimes it can be done. The visible light of this GRB was detected by ground-based telescopes, and once the light had faded a deep picture by the Hubble showed this GRB was located in a faint distant galaxy

A pair of Vela satellites in the clean room prior to launch.

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT

The Vela satellites are stacked one on top of the other in a clean room prior to the launch. The two polyhedron-shaped satellites (with 20 sides) would detach from each other after launch.